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In the process of ventilation duct engineering design, the calculation mainly includes air flow resistance in ventilation duct, pressure distribution in ventilation duct, hydraulic calculation of ventilation duct and uniform ventilation duct.

1.通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的劃分

1. Division of ventilation system

不同地區(qū)的工業(yè)通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)對(duì)供、排風(fēng)有不同的要求。當(dāng)空間較大時(shí)，有多個(gè)相應(yīng)的送排氣點(diǎn)。本實(shí)用新型可分為多個(gè)送排風(fēng)子系統(tǒng)，一個(gè)系統(tǒng)由風(fēng)機(jī)和連接管組成，便于管理。該系統(tǒng)的主要基礎(chǔ)是：如果生產(chǎn)過程和運(yùn)行時(shí)間相同，建議將其分為一個(gè)系統(tǒng)。如果操作參數(shù)和空氣處理要求相同，建議將其分為一個(gè)系統(tǒng)。不建議排氣扇靠近排氣點(diǎn)，排氣點(diǎn)距離一個(gè)小系統(tǒng)，這將增加排氣系統(tǒng)的阻力。

Industrial ventilation systems in different regions have different requirements for air supply and exhaust. When the space is large, there are multiple corresponding air supply and exhaust points. The utility model can be divided into a plurality of air supply and exhaust subsystems. One system is composed of a fan and a connecting pipe, which is convenient for management. The main basis of the system is: if the production process and running time are the same, it is recommended to divide it into one system. If the operating parameters and air handling requirements are the same, it is recommended to divide them into one system. It is not recommended that the exhaust fan be close to the exhaust point, which is a small system away, which will increase the resistance of the exhaust system.

2.通風(fēng)管道材料的選擇

2. Selection of ventilation duct materials

通風(fēng)管道的材料主要有鋼板、金屬軟管、塑料和橡膠軟管、纖維板、膠合板、石膏板、UPVC塑料板、磚和混凝土等。鋼板是通風(fēng)管道常用的材料，主要是因?yàn)樗哂心透g和耐高溫的特性，加工、制造、安裝都非常方便。一些通風(fēng)管道在技術(shù)上需要經(jīng)常移動(dòng)。此類通風(fēng)管需要由柔性材料制成，如金屬軟管、塑料軟管和橡膠軟管。UPVC塑料板表面光滑，加工方便，但不耐高溫。適用于有腐蝕的工業(yè)通風(fēng)和排氣系統(tǒng)。

The materials of ventilation pipes mainly include steel plate, metal hose, plastic and rubber hose, fiberboard, plywood, gypsum board, UPVC Plastic board, brick and concrete. Steel plate is a common material for ventilation pipes, mainly because it has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and it is very convenient for processing, manufacturing and installation. Some ventilation ducts technically need to be moved frequently. Such ventilation pipes need to be made of flexible materials, such as metal hose, plastic hose and rubber hose. UPVC Plastic board has smooth surface and convenient processing, but it is not resistant to high temperature. Suitable for corrosive industrial ventilation and exhaust systems.

3.通風(fēng)管道截面形狀的選擇

3. Selection of section shape of ventilation duct

通風(fēng)管的截面形狀一般分為矩形和圓形。當(dāng)橫截面積相同時(shí)，圓形通風(fēng)管不僅阻力小、強(qiáng)度高，而且節(jié)約管材。圓形通風(fēng)管，直徑小，制造容易，保溫更方便。然而，矩形通風(fēng)管比圓形通風(fēng)管容易制造，布局也比圓形通風(fēng)管簡(jiǎn)單。在正常情況下，當(dāng)通風(fēng)管的橫截面較小，管內(nèi)流量較大時(shí)，應(yīng)采用圓形通風(fēng)管。當(dāng)風(fēng)道截面較大時(shí)，應(yīng)采用矩形風(fēng)道，充分利用建筑空間。矩形風(fēng)管，高送風(fēng)比接近1.效果較好，既可節(jié)省運(yùn)行能耗，又可節(jié)省投資。

The section shape of ventilation pipe is generally divided into rectangular and circular. When the cross-sectional area is the same, the circular ventilation pipe not only has low resistance and high strength, but also saves pipes. Circular ventilation pipe, small diameter, easy to manufacture and more convenient for heat preservation. However, rectangular ventilation pipes are easier to manufacture than circular ventilation pipes, and the layout is simpler than circular ventilation pipes. Under normal circumstances, when the cross section of the ventilation pipe is small and the flow in the pipe is large, the circular ventilation pipe shall be used. When the section of air duct is large, rectangular air duct shall be adopted to make full use of building space. Rectangular air duct, high air supply ratio close to 1 The effect is good, which can not only save operation energy consumption, but also save investment.

4.通風(fēng)管道布置圖

4. ventilation duct layout

通風(fēng)管道的布局直接關(guān)系到通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的總體布局。與其他密切配合，既協(xié)調(diào)美觀，又符合總圖的規(guī)定。如果排氣管上有多個(gè)排氣點(diǎn)，則可以將支管連接到大段歧管上。通風(fēng)管道布置應(yīng)盡可能平坦，以避免局部管道安裝的復(fù)雜性。如果輸氣管道中含有液滴，應(yīng)在通風(fēng)管道上設(shè)置坡道，在通風(fēng)管道的下端應(yīng)設(shè)置密封水管，以便于排除滲出物。通風(fēng)管道上應(yīng)安裝調(diào)節(jié)和測(cè)量裝置，以便于系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行控制。

The layout of ventilation duct is directly related to the overall layout of ventilation system. Closely cooperate with others, which is not only harmonious and beautiful, but also in line with the provisions of the general drawing. If there are multiple exhaust points on the exhaust pipe, the branch pipe can be connected to a large section of manifold. The layout of ventilation ducts shall be as flat as possible to avoid the complexity of local pipeline installation. If the gas transmission pipeline contains droplets, a ramp shall be set on the ventilation pipeline, and a sealed water pipe shall be set at the lower end of the ventilation pipeline to facilitate the removal of exudates. Regulating and measuring devices shall be installed on the ventilation duct to facilitate the operation control of the system.

5.通風(fēng)管道的保溫

5. Insulation of ventilation duct

在通過通風(fēng)管道輸送空氣的過程中，熱量和冷卻能力的損失較大，并且空氣溫度應(yīng)保持基本恒定，因此有必要保持通風(fēng)管道的絕緣。

In the process of conveying air through the ventilation duct, the loss of heat and cooling capacity is large, and the air temperature should be kept basically constant. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the insulation of the ventilation duct.

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